Kaua'i is the northern most and the oldest of the populated Hawaiian Islands. Kaua'i is oldest by virtue of the fact that the volcano that created Kaua'i, Mount Wai'ale'ale, started erupting before the other Hawaiian Island volcanos. The entire island is a result of this volcano's eruptions.
The refuge, on the northwest side of Kaua'i, is a great place to observe birds. It is one of the few places in the world whare one can observe the endanged Laysan Albatross, as well as many other unusual birds. While we did see many albatrosses, my attempts at photographing them failed. I caught images of the blue sky.